Photometric testing is a widely used method for detecting copper in water. This technique involves adding a reagent to a water sample that reacts with copper to produce a colour change. The intensity of the colour is then measured using a photometer or colorimeter, which provides a quantitative reading of copper concentration.

Photometric testing is popular because it is relatively simple and provides accurate results. The process typically involves the following steps: collecting a water sample, adding the reagent, mixing the sample, and measuring the colour change. The resulting colour intensity correlates with the copper concentration, allowing for precise monitoring. This method is suitable for regular testing and helps ensure that copper levels remain within safe limits.

Electrochemical testing is another effective method for measuring copper in recreational water. This technique uses electrodes to detect the presence of copper ions in the water. The electrodes measure the electrical current or potential generated by the copper ions, which correlates with their concentration.

There are two main types of electrochemical testing for copper: potentiometric and amperometric. Potentiometric testing measures the potential difference between two electrodes, while amperometric testing measures the current produced by the oxidation or reduction of copper ions at the electrode surface.

Electrochemical testing is highly sensitive and can detect low levels of copper. It is also relatively quick and can be performed on-site, making it convenient for routine monitoring. This method provides accurate and reliable results, helping pool operators maintain optimal water quality.

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is a more sophisticated method used for measuring copper in water. This technique involves atomising the water sample and measuring the absorption of light by copper atoms. The amount of light absorbed at a specific wavelength corresponds to the copper concentration.

AAS is highly accurate and can detect very low levels of copper. However, it requires specialised equipment and trained personnel to operate. This method is often used in laboratories for detailed water quality analysis and is ideal for confirming results obtained through other testing methods.